Everything about Henry Wardlaw totally explained
Henry Wardlaw (d.
April 6,
1440) was a
Scottish church leader,
Bishop of St Andrews and founder of the
University of St Andrews.
He was a son of Sir
Andrew Wardlaw and a nephew of
Walter Wardlaw (d. 1390),
Bishop of Glasgow, who is said to have been made a cardinal by the
antipope Clement VII in 1381.
Educated at the universities of
Oxford and of
Paris, Henry Wardlaw returned to Scotland in about 1385, and his influential connections obtained him several church
benefices. He passed some time at
Avignon, and it was while at the papal court that he was chosen Bishop of St Andrews; he was consecrated in 1403. Returning to Scotland, he acted as tutor to the future King
James I of Scotland, and finished the work of restoring the
cathedral at
St Andrews. Having helped to bring about the release of James from his captivity in England, he crowned the king in May 1424, and afterwards acted as one of his principal advisers. He appears to have been an excellent bishop, although he tried to suppress the teaching of
John Wyclif by
burning its advocates.
Wardlaw's chief claim to fame is the fact that he was the founder of the
University of St Andrews, the first university in Scotland. He issued the charter of foundation in February 1411, and the privileges of the new seat of learning were confirmed by a
bull of
the Avignon Pope Benedict XIII, dated
August 28,
1413. The university was to be "an impregnable rampart of doctors and masters to resist
heresy."
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